The plot to kill God

from free sample chapter -- loaded from http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520255296 chapter 1 Dreams of Secularization We have not the right to close the doors of [the Socialist Party] to a man who is infected with religious belief; but we are obliged to do all that depends on us in order to destroy that faith in him. — George Plekhanov, “Notes to Engels’ Ludwig Feuerbach,” 1892 22 Nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Marxists imagined a world with- out religion. What they pictured was a society free from the negative influ- ences of religious institutions that had become the lapdogs of the European power elite. Before the Russian Revolution, Russian Marxists saw the Russian Orthodox Church as defending and blessing a tyrannical political leadership and supporting a morally unjustified war effort. Revolution- aries viewed religious institutions as the source of the twisted moral ideol- ogy that defended an inherently immoral social and political system. Their dreams of secularization were premised on a desire to rid the world of all that was harmful to the struggling and exploited masses of humanity. By the end of the Russian Revolution, Bolshevik leaders had achieved something astonishing. For the first time in history, Marxist theorists gained control over millions of people and found themselves finally able to implement their dreams. Karl Marx had initially raised the battle cry for a new brand of social activism, urging intellectuals to turn their thoughts into action. Radical members of the Russian intelligentsia fer- vently took up the cause, and after decades of fomenting rebellion, for- merly marginal, exiled, and basement-dwelling revolutionaries took charge of one of the largest countries on earth. Their plans were vast, and with the collapse of the czarist regime, Bolsheviks fortified their utopian dream to alter every aspect of society. They now debated about how they would eliminate private property, restructure the economy, and produce a Communist culture with a new set of values, beliefs, and identities. The importance of the cultural aspect of the Soviet project cannot be UC-Froese.qxp 2/13/2008 12:36 PM Page 22 Copyrighted Material overestimated. As Khrushchev reaffirmed nearly four decades after the rev- olution, “It is the function of all ideological work of our Party and State to develop new traits in Soviet people, to train them in collectivism and love of work, in proletarian internationalism and patriotism, in lofty ethical

שנה

2008

שפה

English

הוצאה

University of California Press

מהדורות

2

עמודים

264

ISBN

9780520255289

מקור הנתונים: Wikidata